AdipoGen Succinic acid
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Chemical. CAS 110-15-6. Formula C4H6O4. MW 118.1. Metabokine that accumulates specifically in brown adipose tissue BAT and induces thermogenesis by activating brown fat BAT. Inflammasome activator through a ROS-dependent pathway. Important in antimicrobial defense. Oncometabolite promoting angiogenesis. Agent to study cancer immunity, involved in both inflammatory diseases and cancer. Important in microbe-microbe interactions in gut microbiota. Useful for immunometabolism research. Intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid TCA cycle playing a crucial role in adenosine triphosphate ATP generation in mitochondria. All metabolic pathways that are interlinked with the TCA cycle, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, cholesterol and heme, rely on the temporary formation of succinate. Binds to the receptor SUCNR1 GPR91 triggering intracellular calcium release and inhibits cAMP production, inducing cellular stress.